介词疑难点突破
一、介词是英语中最活跃的词之一。介词除本身具有一定的意思之外，还常和其他的词搭配在一起，表示不同的意思，因此介词是中考的热点词汇之一。介词在中考中约占7%，几乎在各种题型都有体现。中考对介词的考查主要集中在：
1、常用介词及其词组的主要用法和意义；
2、常用动词、形容词与介词、副词的固定搭配及其意义。
二、疑难点
（一）表示时间的介词
1． at, in ，on
(1) at表示“在某一时刻、某一时点。 at six 在6点 at last 在最后
（2）in表示“在某月、季节、年、世纪”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。 in September in winter in 1999 in the 20th century in the morning/afternoon/evening
(3)on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。指具体某一天的上、下午、晚上、夜间，也用on,如：on Monday on April 1st On the afternoon of May 23 on a cold morning
注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如：We meet every day.
2．from, since, for
(1) from表示“时间的起点”(从…)。
You can come anytime from Monday to Friday. 周一至周五你什么时间来都行。
The exam will start from 9:00am. 考试将从上午九点开始。
(2) since表示“自从……以来（直到现在）”
He has been away from home since 1973. 他自从1973年就离开了家乡。
We have known each other since ten years ago.我们十年前就认识了。
(3) for 与since表示一段时间，但for与时间段连用，而since与时间点连用。
for two hours/ since six o’clock
3．after, in, within
(1) after表示“在……之后”，是before的反义词。
“after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；
We’ll hold a party after 8：00. 八点后我们将举办晚会。
We are going to climb the hill the day after tomorrow
He returned after two weeks.
He got a cancer and died after a year. 他患了癌症，一年后去世了
(2) in 后面接过去的时间点表过去，若后面接一段时间，则表示“在……时间之后”
I was born in 1983.我出生于1983年。
My father will come back in three days.我爸爸将会在3天后回来。
Lily will take part in planting trees in ten days.
(3) within“在……时间之内”
I can finish it within an hour. 我不需一小时就可把它做完。
（二）表示“地点、方向”的介词：
1．in, outside, between, among
(1) in表示“在……里面”，如：What’s in the box? 盒子里是什么？
(2) outside指“在……外面”There are many people outside the room.
(3) between在……之间（指二者）The building stands between the park and the small river. 那栋建筑位于公园和小河之间。
(4)among在……之间（指三者以上）
He found his place among the crowd. 他在人群中找到了他的位置。
2．on, above, over, below, under
(1) on在……上面，表面相互接触。
There is an apple on the table. 桌上有一个苹果。
(2) above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”，与below相对。
A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。
The Turners live above us. 特纳一家人住在我们的上面。
(3) over“在……正上方”，与under相对。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。
The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那张图挂在黑板的正上方。
(4) below在……下方，低于……
There are many flowers below the window. 窗下有很多花。
Her skirt reaches just below her knees. 她的裙子刚到膝盖下。
(5) under在……正下方
They sat under a big tree, drinking. 他们坐在一棵大树下喝酒。
What are you wearing under your coat? 你外套里面穿了什么？
3．near, by, beside
(1) near在……附近，与far相对，表示的距离比by和beside稍远些，也时常换用
A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院。
My home is near the school. 我的家离学校很近。
Don't play near the road. 不要在马路附近玩。
There is a post office near No. 1 Middle School. 第一中学附近有一所邮局。
（2）by和beside均表示“在……旁边”，常可换用
例：There is a chair by the table. 桌子边上有一把椅子。
She stood by the window. 她站在窗边。
The hotel is beside /by the river. 那家饭店在河边。
Come and sit beside /by me. 过来，坐在我边上。
Put your shoes beside mine. 把你的鞋子放在我的鞋子旁边。
4．in front of, in the front of , behind, around
(1) in front of在……前面 , 其反义词是behind（在……的后面）;in the front of表示“在……前部”，指里面，反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。
A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一条河
There is a red chair in the front of the room. 在房间前半部有把红椅子。
(2) behind在……后面 The cat lies behind the door. 猫躺在门后面。
(3) around在……周围，围绕
There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。
5．along, across, through
(1) along沿着 He likes to drive along the river.他喜欢沿着河开车。
(2) across 横过,对面,交叉,在...的对面.
We live across the street.
My house is just across the river. 我的房子就在河对岸。
Can you swim across the river？
The little girl is afraid to go across the street.这个小女孩不敢横穿马路。
It’s dangerous to run across the busy road. 跑着穿越繁忙的马路是很危险的。
(3) through穿过 It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.开车穿过这条隧道花了我们10分钟时间。
He pushed his way through the crowd to the platform. 他从人群里挤到了站台。
6．at, in
二者都表示“在某个地方”，但at多指较小的地方，如车站、家等，而in多指在“大地方”，如城市、国家、大洲等。（但大小有时也是相对的）。
He lives at No.27 Zhongshan Road in Nanjing.他住在南京市中山路27号。
The plane will arrive in Beijing at 13:00. 飞机将于13点到达北京。
（三）其它用途的介词：
1．表示“标准或单位”的介词：at, for, by
(1) at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”
He drove at a speed of 80 miles an hour.他以每小时8英里的速度行驶。
I sold my car at a high price.我以高价出售了我的汽车。
2．表示“材料”的介词：of, from
(1) of表示从成品仍可看出原料。
This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的。
This salad is made of apples and strawberries. 这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。
(2) from表示从成品已看不出原料。
Bread is made from wheat.面包是小麦做的。
3．表示“工具或手段”的介词：by, with, on
(1) by凭借“工具或手段（多用于交通工具）如：
by bus乘公共汽车，by plane乘飞机 by bike骑车
He sent the news to me by e-mail.他通过电子邮件发给了我这一消息。
(2) with用……工具
He broke the window with a stone.他用石头把玻璃打碎了。
He stopped the ball with his right foot.他用右脚把球停住。
(3) on以……方式。多用于固定词组。
They talked on the telephone.他们通过电话进行交谈。
She learns English on the radio/on TV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。
4．besides, except都表示“除了”。besides的用法就等于as well as。 He is interested in tennis besides（as well as）football.除了足球，他还对网球感兴趣。
（1）besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“除之外…还、除之外…又”，表示两部分的相似性。
Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.
除他以外，还有25个学生去看了电影。(他和另外25人都去了)
We like biology besides English.
除了英语外，我们还喜欢生物。（生物和英语都喜欢）
（2）except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“撇开…不谈”,表示两部分的不同。
Everyone is excited except me.
除我以外的每个人都很激动。（他们激动，而我却不激动）
All the visitors are Japanese except him.
除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。（其他人是日本人，可他不是）
5．in the end, at the end
（1）in the end 的意思是“最后，终归（相当于finally, after all）”；at the end的意思是“终于（相当于at last）”，后面多与of连用。
In the end we won the match. 最后我们赢得了比赛。
We shall have an examination at the end of the term. 期末时我们要进行一次考试。
（2）at the end of还能表示“在……终点处”，例如：
You will find the hospital at the end of the road. 在这条路的终点处你会看到那所医院。
6．be strict with, be strict in
通常情况下，表示“对某人严格要求”时，用be strict with；表示“在……方面严格要求”,用be strict in，比较： Teachers must be strict with their students and parents must be strict with their children. 老师对学生要严格要求，父母对子女要严格要求。
All of us must be strict in our work. 我们大家对工作都要严格要求。
7．at, to（与come, throw等词连用）
这两个介词都可以用来表示方向,有“朝……”之意，但它们与come, throw等词连用时，at常含有“恶意”，to则无此意，比较：
The man came at me with a big stone. 那人手里拿着一块大石头向我扑来。
Soon they came to the river bank. 不久他们就来到了岸边。
He threw a big stone at the dog. 他扔石头打狗。
He threw a bone to the dog. 他朝狗扔去一块骨头。
8．in, to（表示“方位”的词连用）
in和to都可与表示“方位”的词（如east, west, south, north）连用，表示A在B的范围内（即A是B的组成部分之一）时用in；A和B之间没有所属关系时用to，比较：
Our school is in the west of the town. 我们学校在城西。（学校属城的一部分）
Our school is to the west of the hospital. 我们学校在医院的西面。（学校和医院之间无所属关系）
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。（上海属中国这个范围）
Japan lies to the east of China. 日本在中国东面。（日本与中国之间无所属关系）
9．laugh at, have a laugh over
当laugh为动词时，后接介词at表示“嘲笑某人或某事”；当laugh为名词时，后接介词over表示“对某事笑了个够”，比较：
Don't laugh at the little child. 别嘲笑那个小孩。
They both laughed at the idea. 他们俩人都嘲笑这个想法。
He was laughed at by his friends. 他被朋友们嘲笑了。
We had a good laugh over what he said. 我们对他说的话笑了个够。
Dad and I had a good laugh over that. 我和父亲对此笑了个够。
补充：1.某些既能做及物动词又能做不及物动词的词，其后加不加介词会引起含义上的变化。
know sb. 认识某人 know about sb.知道有关某人的一些情况
shoot sb. 射中某人 shoot at sb.瞄准某人射击
search sb. 搜某人的身 search for sb. 为找某人而进行的搜索
believe sb. 相信某人说的话 believe in sb. 信任某人
2.in the tree 在树上（不是树上自然生长的） on the tree 在树上（是树上自然生长的）
eg. There is a bird in the tree. There are lots of bananas on the banana tree.
3.in the wall 在墙上（指嵌在墙里） on the wall 在墙上（在墙的表面）
4.to既是介词（后跟名词、代词、动名词），又是动词不定式符号（后跟动词原形）。下列含有to的词组中to都是介词，应特别注意。
pay attention to… make a contribution to… according to… thanks to… get used to… look forward to… prefer…to…
中考考例：
1.(2009朝阳区二模) Lingling came to school ______ 7:30 this morning.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
2.(2009宣武区二模)My uncle arrived at the airport ___ the morning of May 3rd.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
3.(2009西城区二模)The story which moved us a lot happened _____ May 12th,2008.
A. in B. on C. at D. by
4.(2008杭州)She will leave her homework _______ the teacher’s desk after school today.
A. from B. to C. for D. on
5.(2008广东)I hear that he will be back_______ two weeks’ time.
A. at B. in C. after D. for
6.(2008长春)——Mary, would you like to go hiking ____ me?
——Yes, I’d love to.
A. in B. at C. to D. with
7.(2008河北)You must ride your bike _____ the right side of the road.
A. at B. on C. in D. for
8.(2008四川泸州)They visited their new English teacher ______ Monday.
A. in B. at C. on
9.(2008北京)Peter uaually gets up early ___ the morning.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
10.(2008河南)We will never forget what happened ___ the afternoon of May 12th ,2008.
A. in B. by C. at D. on
11.(2008重庆)I go to school ___ 8 o’clock in the morning.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
12.(2008上海)The plane will take off ___ an hour. Please check in right now.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
13.(2008攀枝花)——Why did you go swimming _____ Tom?
——Because he was ill at home.
A. with B. besides C. beside D. except
14.(2008 南通)Our English teacher was standing ____ us so that she could hear us clearly.
A. away from B. far behind C. between D. among
15.(2007天津)I have just hear on the radio that Nanjing Road is jammed ____ cars.
A. in B. on C. with D. at
16.（2007福州）——When did Hong Kong return to our mainland?
——_____ July 1st,1997.
A. On B. In C. At D. For
17.（2007镇江）_____ the money that Mr Brown _____, poor Mary could go back to school again.
A. In; offered B. With; offered C. In; was offered D. With; was offered
18.(2007 陕西)We have been good friends ____ we joined the same ping-pang team.
A. after B. before C. since D. until
19.(2007太原)——Oh, so many people in the amusement park!
——Nobody likes to stay at home ______ Sunday morning.
A. in B. on C. at
20.(2007吉林)——It’s necessary for us to take one hour’s exercise every day.
——I agree ______ you.
A. at B. to C. on D. with
21.（2007黄冈）——I hear you have got a ticket _____ the Opening Ceremony of the Beijing Olympics.
——Yes. I got it _____ my uncle.
A. of; from B. to; by C. to; from D. for; to
22.（2008常州）The group of soldiers arrived ______ a small town _____ a rainy morning.
A. at; on B. at; in C. in; on D. in; in
23.(2008江苏)Shanghai lies_______ the east of China and ____ the northeast of Guangdong.
A. in; to B. in; in C. to; to D. to; in
24.(2008连云港)——Is the tie made _____ silk?
—— Yes, it’s made _______ Itay.
A. from; in B. of; in C. from; of D. of; from
25.(2007 河北)Can you find New York ______ this map of America?
A. in B. at C. of D. on
习题：
一. 用介词填空。
1.The bird is flying my head.
2.There is a bridge the river.
3.He put his watch the desk.
4.There is a cat the table.
5.Please write your name the line
6.There are some flowers the house
7.There is a blackboard our classroom
8.Our teacher stands the classroom
9.There are some flowers the house
二. 选择最佳答案。
1. The plane arrived at London airport ______ Wednesday.
A. on B. at C. in D. for
2. What do you usually do ________ Christmas?
A. on B. at C. in D. for
3. The first class begins _______ 8 o’clock ______ the morning.
A. at/on B. at/in C. on /in D. on/on
4.We will be in Nanjing _____ Tuesday ______Thursday.
A. on/ through B. on/to C. from/to D. on./till
5. We will have a football match _____ this Saturday afternoon..
A. on B. / C. in D. for
6. He came to see you _____ the evening of May 10th.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
7. The supermarket is still open ______ midnight.
A. at B. on C. till D. /
8. Days are longer ______ summer than ___________ winter.
A. in/in B. in/on C. from/to D. to/in
9. Children get presents ________ Christmas and ______ their birthday. Granny is coming for lunch________ Christmas day.
A. at/on/on B. on/on/on C. at/in/at D. in/on/in
10.________ New Year’s Eve people usually don’t go to bed until midnight.
A. At B. On C. For D. In
11. Tom and Paul usually watch TV ______ weekends.
A. at B. in C. for D. /
12. He said that he would meet us ____ the cinema.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
13. There are many beautiful birds ______ the tree.
A. on B. at C. in D. besides
14. Lucy is waiting _____ No.3 bus stop ________ her father.
A. for/for B. for/at C. at/for D. at/at
15. Do you often listen ________the program ________ the radio.
A. to/of B. to /in C. to/on D. on /to
16. Can you tell me the way ______ Shanghai Zoo?
A. to B. at C. for D. towards
17. Thank you _______ your coming.
A. to B. of C. by D. for
18. Mr Li is going to help him ________ his Chinese this afternoon.
A. with B. on C. by D. at
19. Let me introduce her _______ you.
A. with B. on C. to D. for
20. Tom has made friends_____ many Chinese students.
A. with B. to C. by D. among
21. Can you find out the answer__________ these questions?
A. of B. for C. to D. with
22.China lies ____ the east of Asia and ____ the north of Australia
A. to; to B. in; to C. to; in D. in; on
23. Can you sing this song _____ English?
A. with B. in C. by D. for
24. Who is the boy _____ blue trousers?
A. in B. on C. with D. at
25. Don’t read _____ the sun. It’s bad _________ your eyes.
A. under/of B. in/towards C. in/ for D. under/for
26. How many students go to school _____ foot?
A. by B. in C. on D. with
27. I will make a trip _____ Europe this summer.
A. for B to C with D. of
28. My mother send a postcard____ me every year.
A. to B. for C. by D. with
29. Let’s make a cake_______ Daming; he likes cakes.
A. to B. for C. by D. with
30. There are lots of animals ________ the grassland.
A. at B. on C. in D. by
参考答案：
中考题
1-5 ACBDB 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 ABDDC 16-20ABCBD 21-25 CAABD
习题
一．1.above 2. over 3. on 4. under 5. below 6. in front of 7. in the front of 8. in the front of 9. in front of
二．
1-5 A B B C B 6-10 C A A A B 11-15 A B C C C
16-20 A D A C A 21-25 C B B A C 26-30 C B A B B
