1. The falling tone on ‘sit’ and ‘down’ shows that the speaker is angry or displeased. (p32)
降调落在sit 和down上表明说话者很心烦或不高兴。
▲dis-前缀，与形容词、副词、名词或动词结合表示否定、相反或相对。
dishonest不诚实的 disagree不同意 disadvantage不利条件
discomfortable不舒服的 disbelieve不相信 disbelief不相信，怀疑
discouraged泄气的 disabled残疾的 disconnect使不连接
disorder凌乱，无秩序 disappear消失 disrespect不敬，无礼
dissatisfied不满意的
2. Often only a few words are used to make a main point, and the rest of the writing is merely supporting information. (p34)说明要点通常只用几句话，而其余部分只是些辅助信息。
only (just) a few+[C], only (just) a little+[U]仅有几个,只有少量的
few 和little前有only/just时，冠词a不可省去。
①Only a few people knew about it.
②There's only a little money left now.
③Few people understood it.
the rest其余的，其他的。作主语时，若代表复数概念，与复数谓语连用；若代表不可数或单数概念，与单数谓语连用。
①The rest of the class are against the plan.
②I'11 take my share, and the rest of the money is yours.
③The rest of your composition is okay.
3. All that worrying I did was for nothing. （p34）我白担心了。
I did为省略了关系代词that的定语从句。
for nothing[习] 1)without payment，free: Children under 5 can travel for nothing. 2)with no reward or result；to no purpose徒劳All that preparation was for nothing because the meeting was called off.
4. I didn't fail my maths test after all, Miss Xu mixed up my results with someone else's.（p34）
我数学考试归根到底没有不及格，徐老师把我的成绩与别人的成绩搞混了。
after all 1) in spite of what has been said, done or expected 毕竟，终究，竟然(大都放于句末) I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all. She thought it was a diamond necklace, but it wasn't a real one after all. 2) it should be remembered 别忘了，毕竟 (多数情况用于句首)You should be proud of him, after all, he is just a child.
5. I called your radio show last week to ask for your advice about a problem my mum and I had. (p35)
上周我给你们的广播节目打了电话，就我和我妈之间存在的问题征求您的竟见。
advice[U]劝告，忠告，建议 advise v.
|
a piece of advice —条建议
give sb advice on… 就……给某人提建议
ask for one's advice 征求某人的意见
take／follow one's advice 听从某人的建议
advise doing建议做
advise sb．to do建议某人做
advise that…(should)do 建议…… |
①Can you give me some advice on how to study English?
②He asked for my advice on reforming teaching methods.
③If you take my advice, you'll surely succeed.
④It is foolish of him not to follow his father's advice.
⑤The advice he gave me was that I (should) take medical advice.
⑥I advise starting early.
⑦He was advised to give up smoking.
6. What's up, Mum? (p36) 出了什么事，妈妈?
What's up? 常用于非正式文体，相当于What's happening?／What's the matter?意为“出了什么事(不寻常或不愉快之事)?” 即表示“发生，进行”之意。
①What's up? Why are they crying?
②I knew something was up by the look on their faces.
7. I'm sorry, but you must get it tidied up before you go out today. (p36)
对不起，今天在你出去之前你必须先把房间整理好。
get it tidied up 为get/have sth. done结构。
tidy
adj. 1)安排或排列整齐的a tidy room/desk 2)爱整齐的，有整齐习惯的a tidy boy v.使整齐You'd better tidy the room (up) before they arrive. Tidy your toys away when you finish playing. She tidies out the cupboard once a week.
英语中有很多形容词可直接转换成动词，最常见的有：
adj. v. adj. v.
clean 干净的---弄干净; slow 慢的---变慢，使慢
empty 空的----倒空 warm 温暖的---使暖和
clear 洁净的----清理 right 正确的----改正
dirty 脏的-----弄脏 free 自由的----使自由
better 较好的----改善 busy 忙碌的---使忙碌
8. Don't you talk to me like that! (p36)你不要那样跟我说话!
▲该句为含有主语的祈使句。祈使句通常不出现主语，用来表示请求、命令、号召、建议、祝愿或叮嘱等。但有时为了强调、对比或表示说话人发怒、生气等感情，或仅仅为了明确指出是向谁提出请求或命令，主语可表示出来。
①Lili, you clean the door and Wugang, you tidy the cupboard.
②John stand and the rest of you sit down.
③You be quiet!
④Everyone sit down, please!
⑤Don't you forget to bring the key.
⑥Don't you be careless.
相关高考试题(NMET 2003)
-Sorry, Joe, I don't mean to …
-Don't call me Joe. I'm Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't
该题考查带主语的祈使句。该句中否定祈使句加了主语you，加强了说话者不满的语气。答案:D
9. Mmn, two hours won't make a bit of difference. (p36) 妈，过两个小时再干不也一样吗?
won't make a bit of difference＝will make no difference 产生不了什么差别／造不成任何影响。difference前可加no，some，much，little等修饰。
make a difference产生差别；造成影响；起重要作用
①It makes a difference which you choose.
②Your help will certainly make a difference.
③It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
④As a day or two makes little difference, we will start together this morning.
⑤We should make a difference between right and wrong.
10. But I don't think you are being fair at all. (p36) 但是我认为你这样一点都不公平。
I don't think…该句使用了否定转移。除think外，believe，suppose，feel，see，expect，imagine等表示个人见解的动词也可作此用法，即将宾语从句的否定形式，转移到主句上述动词之前。
上述情况下若主句主语为第一人称，后跟反意疑问句时，应针对从句进行反问，且把not考虑在内。
Note: (1)didn't think有时表示 “没有料到”之意。
(2)hope，say，tell，guess等后跟宾语从句时一般不存在否定转移现象。
①I don't imagine he'll enjoy it.
②I don't think you're in the right.
③I don't expect she'll come.
④I don't believe he's at home.
⑤I don't think he is happy, is he?
⑥I don't suppose that he cares, does he?
⑦Mrs Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design s digital camera, does she?
⑧I didn't think you would be so late.
⑨I hope you weren't ill.
⑩He said that she wouldn't come.
are being fair使用了be的现在进行时。系动词be一般不使用进行时，但当需要表达某种特殊含义(如短暂性，临时性、转义等)时，也可使用进行时。
①He is rude. 他很粗鲁。(长久性)
②He is being rude to ask such a question. 他问这样的问题很粗鲁。(暂时性)
③They are friendly. 他们很友好。(长久性、事实)
④They are being friendly. 他们显得很友好。(一时性，表现出来的)
能与be的进行时连用的只是某些动态形容词，如：angry, careful, careless, clever, foolish, generous, kind, brave, stupid, rude, polite, thoughtful等。而big，small，tall，dirty，1arge等静态形容词则不能与be的进行时连用。
11. What did they do to fix their problem? （p37）他们是怎样解决他们的问题的?
fix v.
①The table was fixed to the floor. (固定，安装)
②Let's fix (up) a date for the meeting.( 确定，决定)
③He fixed his eyes on the person.( 定睛看，集中注意力于)
④His car has broken down. He has to have it fixed.( 修理，调整)
⑤Why not fix your room now?( 整顿，整理)
12. What is the new situation like? （p37）现在的情形怎么样?
What is…like? ……怎么样? like为介词，what是其宾语。
①What's the weather like today?今天天气怎么样?
②-What is he like? -He isn't a good-looking man but he is very kind-hearted.
[c.f.] situation, state, condition
situation局面，状况，形势，境地，主要指各种情况间的相互关系以及与有关人之间的关系，即强调相互间的联系和影响。the international situation 国际形势 the political situation 政治局面 the present situation 目前形势
state状态，状况，只有单数形式，常与 a 连用，说明某一种状态或状况，与介词in搭配使用。
condition条件，状况，常用于短语：in good/poor/etc. condition状况好／坏等。(be)in a condition to do 适宜于做be in no condition to do不适宜做in/out of condition身体好／欠佳
①How should we face the worsening situation?
②The situation in America is the same.
③She is in a good state of mind.
④At that time, the whole country was in a state of war.
⑤He is in no condition to travel.
⑥The condition of his health prevented him from working.
⑦I've had no exercise for ages. I'm really out of condition.
⑧All the goods have arrived in good condition.
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, , , , ZH-CN">安排或排列整齐的
a tidy room/desk 2)爱整齐的，有整齐习惯的
a tidy boy v.使整齐
You'd better tidy the room (up) before they arrive. Tidy your toys away when you finish playing. She tidies out the cupboard once a week.
英语中有很多形容词可直接转换成动词，最常见的有：
adj. v. adj. v.
clean 干净的---弄干净; slow 慢的---变慢，使慢
empty 空的----倒空 warm 温暖的---使暖和
clear 洁净的----清理 right 正确的----改正
dirty 脏的-----弄脏 free 自由的----使自由
better 较好的----改善 busy 忙碌的---使忙碌
8. Don't you talk to me like that! (p36)你不要那样跟我说话!
▲该句为含有主语的祈使句。祈使句通常不出现主语，用来表示请求、命令、号召、建议、祝愿或叮嘱等。但有时为了强调、对比或表示说话人发怒、生气等感情，或仅仅为了明确指出是向谁提出请求或命令，主语可表示出来。
①Lili, you clean the door and Wugang, you tidy the cupboard.
②John stand and the rest of you sit down.
③You be quiet!
④Everyone sit down, please!
⑤Don't you forget to bring the key.
⑥Don't you be careless.
相关高考试题(NMET 2003)
-Sorry, Joe, I don't mean to …
-Don't call me Joe. I'm Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't
该题考查带主语的祈使句。该句中否定祈使句加了主语you，加强了说话者不满的语气。答案:D
9. Mmn, two hours won't make a bit of difference. (p36) 妈，过两个小时再干不也一样吗?
won't make a bit of difference＝will make no difference 产生不了什么差别／造不成任何影响。difference前可加no，some，much，little等修饰。
make a difference产生差别；造成影响；起重要作用
①It makes a difference which you choose.
②Your help will certainly make a difference.
③It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not.
④As a day or two makes little difference, we will start together this morning.
⑤We should make a difference between right and wrong.
10. But I don't think you are being fair at all. (p36) 但是我认为你这样一点都不公平。
I don't think…该句使用了否定转移。除think外，believe，suppose，feel，see，expect，imagine等表示个人见解的动词也可作此用法，即将宾语从句的否定形式，转移到主句上述动词之前。
上述情况下若主句主语为第一人称，后跟反意疑问句时，应针对从句进行反问，且把not考虑在内。
Note: (1)didn't think有时表示 “没有料到”之意。
(2)hope，say，tell，guess等后跟宾语从句时一般不存在否定转移现象。
①I don't imagine he'll enjoy it.
②I don't think you're in the right.
③I don't expect she'll come.
④I don't believe he's at home.
⑤I don't think he is happy, is he?
⑥I don't suppose that he cares, does he?
⑦Mrs Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design s digital camera, does she?
⑧I didn't think you would be so late.
⑨I hope you weren't ill.
⑩He said that she wouldn't come.
are being fair使用了be的现在进行时。系动词be一般不使用进行时，但当需要表达某种特殊含义(如短暂性，临时性、转义等)时，也可使用进行时。
①He is rude. 他很粗鲁。(长久性)
②He is being rude to ask such a question. 他问这样的问题很粗鲁。(暂时性)
③They are friendly. 他们很友好。(长久性、事实)
④They are being friendly. 他们显得很友好。(一时性，表现出来的)
能与be的进行时连用的只是某些动态形容词，如：angry, careful, careless, clever, foolish, generous, kind, brave, stupid, rude, polite, thoughtful等。而big，small，tall，dirty，1arge等静态形容词则不能与be的进行时连用。
11. What did they do to fix their problem? （p37）他们是怎样解决他们的问题的?
fix v.
①The table was fixed to the floor. (固定，安装)
②Let's fix (up) a date for the meeting.( 确定，决定)
③He fixed his eyes on the person.( 定睛看，集中注意力于)
④His car has broken down. He has to have it fixed.( 修理，调整)
⑤Why not fix your room now?( 整顿，整理)
12. What is the new situation like? （p37）现在的情形怎么样?
What is…like? ……怎么样? like为介词，what是其宾语。
①What's the weather like today?今天天气怎么样?
②-What is he like? -He isn't a good-looking man but he is very kind-hearted.
[c.f.] situation, state, condition
situation局面，状况，形势，境地，主要指各种情况间的相互关系以及与有关人之间的关系，即强调相互间的联系和影响。the international situation 国际形势 the political situation 政治局面 the present situation 目前形势
state状态，状况，只有单数形式，常与 a 连用，说明某一种状态或状况，与介词in搭配使用。
condition条件，状况，常用于短语：in good/poor/etc. condition状况好／坏等。(be)in a condition to do 适宜于做be in no condition to do不适宜做in/out of condition身体好／欠佳
①How should we face the worsening situation?
②The situation in America is the same.
③She is in a good state of mind.
④At that time, the whole country was in a state of war.
⑤He is in no condition to travel.
⑥The condition of his health prevented him from working.
⑦I've had no exercise for ages. I'm really out of condition.
⑧All the goods have arrived in good condition.
