高考英语词汇辨析(4)
1.scene, sight，view，look.
sight表示“风景名胜、视力，视野”；scene则表示一个地区的自然景色或人为的环境；view多指从高处向下或向远处所看到的景色；look则强调“神色、外表”.
1. One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high – rise is that you can get a good .
A. sight B. scene
C. view D. look
解：答案选 C. 本句意思为“住在高层建筑的顶层的优势之一就是能看到好的景色.”
2. way，means，views，directions.
means“方法”；directions“方向”；views“观点”；ways“方面”.
1. There are usually at least two of looking at every question.
A. means B. directions C. views D. ways
解：答案选D. 题于意思是“看问题至少从两个方面”.比较四个词的词义：means“方法”；directions“方向”；views“观点”；ways“方面”.
3. see sb. do/doing, see sth done.
1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.
A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out
解：答案为C .此题考查see sth. done结构，此结构中的sth.即题干中的plan,它作了定语从句中的先行词.此题只要把plan还原，就不难选出正确答案.
4. die of ,die from.
die of 常表示由于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷、年老等内部原因而死；die from 则多表示除疾病或情感以外的原因而死.
1. —What did he die ?
—He died old age.
A. of, from B. from, of C. from , from D. of, of
解：答案选D. die of 常表示由于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷、年老等内部原因而死；die from 则多表示除疾病或情感以外的原因而死.根据答语中的old age 可知选die of 较好.
5. be free of change表示“免费”.
1. You can take as many as you like because they are free of .
A. fare B. charge C. money D. pay
解：答案选B. be free of charge 表示“免费”，charge 表示“收费”之意.
6. on+Ving=no sooner… than…
1. On the news, I felt uncomfortable.
A. I heard B. heard C. to hear D. hearing
解：答案选D. on 表示“在…..之时”，是介词，后接名词或动名词做宾语，不接从句、不定式或过去分词.
7. calm.
1. Wait till you are more .It’s better to be sure than sorry.
A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied
解：答案选C.本题考查形容词的词义辨析.句意为：等到你弄准确后再说吧，准确总比后悔好. Inspired“有灵感的”； calm“镇静的；平静的”； satisfied“满意的”，这三个词都不合句意，此处选 certain表示“确定的”，和后面的 sure 对应.
8. convenient.
convenient意为“方便的”，常用于it is convenient (for sb) to do ….或sth. is convenient to sb. 结构.
1. Come and see me whenever .
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
解：convenient意为“方便的”，常用于it is convenient (for sb) to do ….或sth. is convenient to sb. 结构. convenient 常用it 作主语，指时间；另外，whenever 引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词应用现在时表示将来.故选C.
9. make（great）progress.
1. He has made a rapid progress in his studies this term. （改错）
解：应把a去掉，progress是不可数名词，前面不能加冠词，同学们容易按汉语意思加上冠词a.英语中还有一些类似的不可数名词，如：news, information, fun, advice等.
10. choose from（有几双供选择）与choose（选择几双）.
1. There are five pairs ,but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing
解：答案为B.动词不定式 to choose from在句中作定语.因为所表示的意思是有五双可供选择，而不是选择无双，所以要在 to choose后加介词 from .
11. doubt.
doubt在肯定句中用if 或whether，否定句中只能用that.
1. There’s no doubt .
A. that Mr John is in good health B. whether is Mr John healthy
C. whether Mr John is health D. if Mr John’s health is returning
解：选A.
12. state 陈述.
a state of 以…的状态.
1. She is in a poor of health which worries her mother much.
A. position B. situation C. state D. condition
解：选C.
2. — I’m sorry, but can you your views in English?
— That’s OK.
A. state B. impress C. debate D. elect
解：选A.
13. have an advantage over 胜过，比…优越.
1. His height and reach give him a big advantage other boxers.
A. at B. in C. over D. of
解：C.
14. glance at瞟，扫视.
1. On the bus I always manage to the headlines in the newspaper.
A. glance at B. look for C. look up D. join to
解：A.
15. have a preference for 对…有喜好（performance 表现）
1. He has never liked meat , and has always had a(n) for vegetables and fruit.
A. perspiration B. feeling C. idea D. preference
解：D.
16. for once就这一次；once again 在一次；at once 马上；once more再一次.
1. In general , the old man is generous .But , he was mean to an old beggar .
A. at once B. once again C. for once D. once over
解：C.
17. run over溢出，车辆、辗过，复习；run out跑出去，被用完；run off 逃跑；run in to遇见；run down往下跑；run across遇见.
1. The cup was full and the water in it was .
A. running over B. running out C. running off D. running away
解：A.
18. come up出现；come out长出、出版；come along来到；come to one’s life苏醒；come at = arrive at到达.
1. We saw a big black bea on us from the woods.
A. coming up B. coming out C. coming back D. coming away
2. Difficulty is temporal. Good luck will sooner or later.
A. come along B. come to C. come over D. come at
1-2解：AA.
19. pat on the + 身体的部位“打在… 部位”. 如：pat on the head打在头上.
1. He was head when his grandma saw him.
A. patted on the B. patted on his C. patted in the D. patted in his
解：A.
20. enjoy.
enjoy done sth. 喜欢某事被做；enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事.
1. I enjoy noodles by my mother ,which taste very delicious.
A. cooked B. cooking C. being cooked D. being cooking
解：A.
21. leave.
①leave sth done.留下某事被做.
②leave… with，leave…to. 二者都可用来表示“把……托付（交给）”的意思.用to时，有时含有“赠送”之意；用with时，含有托付某人“保管、 处理”之意. leave后接人的名词时，一般只用leave… with 结构.
如：She had left a number of books with me. 她把许多书籍交给了我.
Leaving me with a relative，he went to join the Red Army. 他把我托付给一位亲戚之后，就去参加红军了.
1. alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.
A. Leaving B. left C. To be left D. Having left
2. It seems, everybody, that some of the questions will have to be left because of the time limit .
A. answered B. unanswered C. to answer D. answer
1-2解：BB.
22. contribute 投稿.
1. That man? Oh ,he is Mr Hancock , one of the several regular authors our Morning Post with their good articles.
A. reading B. contributing to C. recommending D. relating to
解：B.
23. break down崩溃，（谈判）失败；break out 战争爆发；break in 插嘴；break up关系破裂.
[注意]broken是形容词，译为“损坏了的，不好的，弱的”.
1. News reports say peace talks between the two countries have with no agreement reached.
A. broken down B. broken out C. broken in D. broken up
2. He managed to make himself with his English.
A. understand; breaking B. understand; broken
C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken
1-2解：DD.
24. so 与such.
so : ①so + adj（adv）；②so + adj + a（n）+ n单数；③so + many / few+n复数或so+much/little+不可数n.
such: ①such+adj+n复数/不可数；②such+a（n）+adj +n单数.
如：She’s such a clever girl that everyone love her. [So+adj+that+结果状语状句= such+a（n）+adj（adv）+n+that+结果状语从句]
1. There were many people to do it ;so you needn’t worry about it.
A. so B. such C. these D. the
解：B.
25. be known as, be known by, be known for, be known to.
①be known as意为作为……知名，后接“身份”名词.
如：She was well known as an excellent dancer . 大家公认她是一位优秀的舞蹈家.
②be known by意为“凭……而知”，by 表示手段或标准，作“通过”，“按照”讲.
如：A tree is known by its fruit. 从它结的果就知道它是什么树.
③be known for意为“因……而出名（著称），因……而众所周知”，for 表示原因.
如：West Lake is known for its beautiful scenery. 西湖以风景优美而闻名.
④be known to意为“为……所知，……所熟知”.介词to 后的名词或代词表示为“谁”所知，不能用by.
如：He’s known to the police as a criminal. 他是警察所熟知的罪犯.
[注意]“众所周知”的句型是It is known that …； “我们都知道”的句型是It is known to us（all）that …
如：It is known that the earth goes round the sun.
1. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, as 3M.
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
解：B. known相当于（who was）known.
